After the read this What is the Difference Between LTE and Wifi article, you will know:
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network technology;
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network coverage capability;
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network wireless capacity;
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network terminal situation;
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network traffic billing;
Etc.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network technology?
LTE as the next generation network preferred mobile communication system, has some unique technology, compared with Wi-Fi network technology, the most advantage is through the ICIC (inter-cell interference coordination) technology can realize the same frequency networking.
ICIC is multi-cell wireless resource management that takes into account resource usage and load in multiple cells, mainly by managing wireless resources so that inter-cell interference can be controlled.
Specifically, ICIC restricts the use of wireless resources in each cell in an inter-cell coordination manner, including limiting the use of time-frequency resources or limiting the transmit power on certain time-frequency resources.
LTE Rel-8 version firstly supports the ICIC mechanism, and three signals, RNTP (Relevant Narrowband Transmission Power), HII (High Interference Indication), and OI (Overload Indication), can be exchanged between base stations through the X2 interface to achieve inter-cell interference coordination in the intra-carrier frequency domain data channel.
The initial Rel-8 version focuses on the application scenario of macro base station heterogeneous grouping, and the Rel-10 version proposes eICIC (enhanced inter-cell interference coordination mechanism) to support the case of strong interference scenarios (e.g., macro station and micro station, macro station, and home base station, etc.) heterogeneous grouping.
The Rel-l1 version, which is currently under research, proposes the FeICIC (Further-eICIC) work item to solve the remaining problems in eICIC and to further study other inter-cell interference coordination technical solutions.
The eICIC proposed in the Rel-10 version can be roughly divided into three categories: time-domain interference coordination, frequency domain interference coordination, and power control.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi power control schemes?
When the serving cell and the adjacent cell use the same frequency resources, this scheme will appropriately reduce the transmit power of the serving cell or the adjacent cell to improve the user performance of the interfered macro base station.
Compared with the traditional closed-loop power control scheme, the power control is from the perspective of suppressing inter-cell interference and optimizing the overall cell edge performance of the system until the desired SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) value is achieved.
The power control scheme is widely used as an important ICIC scheme in heterogeneous networks, such as macro and Pico (pico cell), macro and home base stations, and other heterogeneous scenarios.
This scheme can get backward compatibility of the system and is applicable to both FDD (frequency division duplex) and TDD (time division duplex) duplex modes.
However, the implementation of the power control scheme must be based on the user’s measurement and reporting, and the design needs to consider the design and transmission of interactive information between base stations.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi frequency domain schemes?
The implementation of ICIC in the frequency domain actually restricts the scheduling of resources, i.e., the signals of different cells are scheduled in the frequency band, and the narrow-band orthogonality of OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) is used to realize the orthogonal transmission of signals, thus achieving interference cancellation.
The frequency-domain interference coordination scheme can well solve the backward compatibility problem of terminals in the Rel-8/9 version and is also applicable to both FDD and TDD duplex modes.
However, the implementation of this scheme is also based on the user’s measurement and reporting and information interaction between base stations, which increases the overhead of backward signaling and the detection complexity of macro stations.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi time-domain schemes?
The Rel-10 version specifically focuses on the time-domain interference coordination scheme, which schedules the interfered users on time-domain resources such as subframes or OFDM symbols, which have been used to reduce the interference originating from other nodes through various other means.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network coverage capability?
By comparing and analyzing the existing LTE and WiFi wireless coverage capabilities, we list the advantages and disadvantages of both in terms of coverage capabilities and analyze the suitable coverage scenarios of the two networks.
LTE coverage capability
Since the coverage capability of LTE is closely related to the standard and frequency band, we use the FDD-LTE standard that may be adopted by telecom to measure the coverage radius.
FDD-LTE of 2.1 GHz, 2×15 MHz bandwidth, cell edge rate of 4 Mbps / 256 kbps, 2×2 MIMO for base station side antenna configuration, and standard COST231 HATA for radio propagation model are chosen.
The coverage radius of an FDD-LTE dense urban site is 320 m, station spacing is 480 m; the coverage radius of an ordinary urban site is 440 m, and station spacing is 660 m.
WiFi coverage capability
At present, there are three main ways of WiFi network coverage: indoor AP (access point) direct coverage, indoor AP combined road distribution system coverage, and outdoor AP direct coverage.
AP equipment types mainly include outdoor type 500 mW, indoor type 500 mW, and indoor type 100 mW. Among them, indoor type 100 mW is used for indoor put-in direct coverage, indoor type 500 mW is used to access indoor distribution system coverage, and outdoor type 500 mW is used to cover indoor or outdoor areas.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network link loss?
a) WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) in the 2.45 GHz band generally applies COST231-Hata wireless propagation model: transmission loss Lp= 46.3+33.9lgf-13.82lghb+(44.9-6.55lghb)lgd.
Where, d: distance between the base station and terminal, HB: height of base station antenna, f: carrier frequency.
b) Uplink budget formula (i.e., calculate the maximum allowable Lp for the uplink).
Indoor Lp = terminal transmit power + terminal antenna gain + AP antenna gain – AP receive sensitivity – shadowing reserve – penetration loss
c) Downlink budget formula (i.e., calculate the maximum allowable Lp for the downlink).
Indoor Lp = AP transmit power + AP antenna gain + terminal antenna gain – terminal receive sensitivity – shadowing reserve – penetration loss
d) Empirical values of 2.4 GHz electromagnetic waves for various penetration losses are as follows: blocking of partition walls (brick walls 100-300 mm thick): 20-40 dB; blocking of floors: 30 dB or more; blocking of wooden furniture, doors and other wooden partitions: 2
15 dB; thick glass (12 mm): 10 dB; ordinary glass windows (3 to 5 mm): 5 to 7 dB.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network coverage capability of indoor put-in type AP?
Since indoor type 100mW AP and users are on the same floor, the height of the AP antenna is considered to be 3m; since indoor type 100mW AP only covers a small area on the same floor, the shadow reserve is not considered.
The design specification of Chinese telecom operators stipulates that the received signal level is not less than -75 dBm in more than 95% of the target coverage area, i.e. the receiver sensitivity of the self-contained network card is taken as -75 dBm at this time.
The sensitivity of the AP receiver is -79 dBm, and the receiver sensitivity of the self-contained network card is -75 dBm.
In the actual engineering planning and design, the indoor open coverage distance is generally taken as 40 m, and the indoor partition wall coverage distance is generally taken as 15 m.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network indoor distributed AP coverage capability?
The antenna output port power (EIRP) in the corridor is required: 10 dBm≤EIRP≤15 dBm and the distance between antenna and antenna is strictly required at 10~15 m;
Into the room to be covered by the antenna output power (EIRP) requirements: EIRP ≥ 8 dBm, can be smaller than the antenna output power on the corridor, and the distance between the antenna and the antenna can be relaxed to 20 ~ 25 m.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network outdoor AP coverage capability?
Outdoor type AP direct coverage, generally uses a high gain antenna, its antenna is installed in a higher area, and can look directly at the whole coverage area. In more than 95% of the locations in the target coverage area, the received signal level is -75dBm, and the sensitivity of the AP receiver is -77dBm.
In the actual engineering planning and design, the outdoor open coverage distance is generally taken as 250 m, and the indoor coverage distance is generally taken as 80 m.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network coverage capability comparison?
From the above analysis, it can be obtained that outdoor, LTE obviously has better coverage capability than WiFi, and the mobility support is much higher than WiFi. And in indoor scenes, LTE uses a 2.1 GHz band or 2.3 GHz band, the coverage capability is lower than WiFi’s 2.4 GHz, and the antenna and equipment gain is bigger, so LTE also has better coverage capability than WiFi indoors. Therefore, LTE has better coverage capability than WiFi indoors.
In summary, LTE is much better than a WiFi network in terms of coverage capability.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network wireless capacity?
WiFi network capacity
IEEE 802.11n
The mainstream IEEE 802.11 protocol currently in use is the IEEE 802.11n protocol, IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11g 54 Mbps maximum transmission rate increased to 300 Mbps, where the key technologies are: MIMO-OFDM, 40 MHz bandwidth mode, frame aggregation, and Short GI.
The most prominent feature of IEEE 802.11n is the MIMO technology or spatial multiplexing.
This technology enables two streams, doubling the throughput on a single channel, with multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, and uncorrelated paths between each stream.
Other IEEE802.11n technologies are the use of 40 MHz channels (doubled bandwidth), space-time code (STBC) and beamforming with multiple antennas, higher coding rates (and thus higher effective data rates), larger data subcarrier ratios, and shorter protection intervals.
In the actual engineering planning and design, a basic antenna 2×2 put-in AP is used, applying a 20 MHz bandwidth in the 2.4 GHz band and a 40 MHz bandwidth in the 5.8 GHz band.
A). In the coverage mode of indoor distribution type (single channel / 20 MHz bandwidth, antenna 1×1), the actual bandwidth is 30~40 Mbps, and it is recommended that the concurrent users are 23 when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 660 kbps is met, and the maximum number of concurrent users allowed to access is 37 when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 400 kbps is met.
B). In the coverage mode of indoor put-in AP or outdoor AP (single channel/20 MHz bandwidth, antenna 2×2), the actual bandwidth is 70~80 Mbps, and the maximum number of concurrent users is recommended to be 35 when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 1 Mbps is met; the maximum number of concurrent users is recommended to be allowed when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 400 kbps is met.
C). In the coverage mode of indoor put-in AP or outdoor AP (dual channel/ 40MHz bandwidth, antenna 2×2), with theoretical bandwidth of 150Mbps, it is recommended that 37 concurrent users are allowed when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 2 Mbps is met; when the user’s upstream and downstream one-way rate of 400 kbps is met, it is recommended that 180 concurrent users are allowed.
IEEE 802.11ac / IEEE 802.11ad
Under the joint promotion of standards by organizations, equipment manufacturers, and operators, WiFi technology is constantly innovating and moving towards the gigabit era.
Not only is the IEEE 802.11 standard evolving toward a new generation of IEEE 802.11ac, but WiGig (wireless gigabit) technology with shorter distances and faster rates is also quietly emerging.
In order to adapt to the development of high-bandwidth data services and the requirements of the era of big data, and continue to maintain the competitive advantage of WiFi networks, IEEE launched at the end of 2008 throughput can reach gigabit of the new generation of WLAN technology standards (IEEE 802.11ac and IEEE 802.11ad) development work.
IEEE 802.11ac works in the 5 GHz band and is a direct evolution of IEEE 802.11n, which is the mainstream technology of the new generation of WLAN and is expected to complete the standard development in 2014.
According to the current standard progress, IEEE 802.11ac will support larger channel bandwidth, higher-order MIMO, and higher-order modulation coding method on the basis of IEEE 802.11n, with a theoretical maximum transmission rate up to 6.93 Gbps. IEEE802.11ad operates in the 60 GHz band and is intended for very high-speed short-range applications.
IEEE 802.11ad uses a single carrier, OFDM, and beam fugue as the main transmission technology, supporting up to 2.16 GHz channel bandwidth, and its theoretical maximum transmission rate is up to 6.76 Gbps.
LTE network wireless capacity
The throughput rate depends on the TBS (transmission block size) selected by the MAC (Media Access Control) layer scheduling, and the theoretical peak throughput rate is the maximum TBS that can be selected by calculation under certain conditions. The TBS is obtained from the number of RBs (Resource Blocks) and the MCS (Adaptive Modulation Coding Scheme) order lookup table, and the specific calculation idea is as follows.
The number of available REs (resource particles) is calculated for each subframe, where the PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PBCH (physical broadcast channel), S-SS (secondary synchronization signal), P-SS (primary synchronization signal), CRS (cell proprietary guide frequency) (for BF [beamforming] and DRS [uplink channel estimation]) and other overheads in each subframe are deducted according to the protocol physical layer resource distribution.) and other overheads.
Among these overheads, PBCH, S-SS, and P-SS are fixed, while the other overheads depend on specific parameters (e.g., number of PDCCH symbols, special subframe ratios, mapping to 2 or 4 ports for more than 4 antennas, etc.).
b) Calculate the number of bits that can be carried in each subframe RE, the number of bits that can be carried = available RE × modulation factor (6 for 64QAM).
c) Select the maximum TBS that satisfies a CR (code rate) of not more than 0.93 based on the number of available RBs, where CR = TBS/number of bits that can be carried.
d) After calculating the TBS selected for each subframe, the TBS of each subframe is accumulated according to the time slot ratio, and multiplied by 2 if it is a double code word to calculate the final throughput rate.
Since LTE networks do not have a limit on the number of concurrent users, it is assumed that each user is in the best position to share the peak rate equally.
This is compared with a WiFi network: the number of concurrent users is 37 to meet the user downlink one-way rate of 2.22 Mbps; the number of concurrent users is 180 to meet the user downlink one-way rate of 468 kbps.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network wireless capacity comparison?
From the above analysis, it can be seen that LTE has a slightly higher single-user rate than WiFi (dual channel/40MHz bandwidth, antenna 2×2) in extreme cases, but considering the convenience of WiFi network AP setup and the new generation standards IEEE 802.11ac (theoretical maximum transmission rate up to 6.93 Gbps), IEEE 802.11ad (supporting up to 2.16 GHz channel bandwidth, its theoretical maximum transmission rate of up to 6.76 Gbps) is superior, LTE networks are far below WiFi networks in terms of capacity capability.
What is the difference between lte and wifi network terminal situation?
Terminal development of LTE
For the new network technology, terminal support is usually the biggest short board in the early stage of commercialization. In the initial stage of LTE development, because LTE has very high requirements for terminal chip processing capability and power consumption control capability, it has put forward higher requirements for terminal chips in terms of material and process. Subject to the development of terminal chip technology, the terminal was once considered a short board in the development of LTE.
But LTE happens to catch up with the most rapid development of mobile communication terminal stage, whether it is the rapid popularity of tablet PCs or other large-sized mobile devices, coupled with multimedia and strong social networking applications, have prompted major manufacturers to increase the research investment in LTE terminal chip technology.
Terminal development of WiFi
Currently influenced by people’s demand for wireless connectivity features for devices, WiFi will sweep the entire computer market, while the consumer electronics market will also see an increasing demand for WiFi features.
Basically, all wireless communication smartphones come with WiFi modules to meet the diversity of users’ needs. Meanwhile, other electronic products are also using WiFi modules as standard accessories for their products.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi terminal development comparison?
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the number of WiFi terminals is much larger than that of communication terminals, basically, more than 90% of communication terminals have WiFi function, but due to the mobility capability, users basically use WiFi at standstill or at low rates.
LTE terminals, with the development of the industry chain and the promotion of operators, have entered a period of rapid development, while most LTE terminals will have WiFi capabilities.
Thus, LTE and WiFi terminals will not restrict the development of the network but will become a big help to the development of the network.
What is the difference between LTE and wifi network traffic billing?
A cellular mobile communication network generally refers to a public mobile communication network using a cellular network structure, from the commonly known 1G (the first generation of a mobile communication network) to the current 4G can be counted as a cellular mobile communication network.
Data traffic can be understood as the amount of data generated when using a telecom operator’s communication equipment for data transmission/exchange, or a billing unit.
By analogy, when we write a letter or send a parcel, the unit of measurement is mainly the weight or volume size. Of course, the unit of measurement can be not only traffic but also time. All wireless communication technologies that we use need to occupy a certain amount of spectrum bandwidth, just like a car needs a road to drive.
A commercially valuable wireless spectrum is scarce and exclusive, so it needs to be planned and used wisely.
Generally, the wireless spectrum in each country/region is managed by organizations such as the Radio Regulatory Commission, which can be considered a strategic resource under government control.
A more common practice in foreign countries is for the government to put the wireless spectrum resources up for auction, telecom operators spend a lot of money to buy the right to use it, and then use the purchased spectrum to operate mobile communication networks within a certain geographical area to make money.
This type of wireless spectrum is called a licensed spectrum. Therefore, when a user uses the service of a certain operator, he or she is actually using the wireless spectrum purchased by the operator at a great cost to communicate, so it is normal to pay for it.
Not all spectrum is authorized spectrum, but there is also some spectrum that does not need to be paid for, called non-authorized spectrum, which is used under the requirements of the Radio Control Board (such as the transmit power limit), is not charged, and can be used by any individual group, namely ISM band (industrial, scientific, medical).
At present, the main ISM bands are 2.4-2.4835GHz and 5.725-5.850GHz, and our WIFI is working on this band.
Through the above expressions, we can know part of the reason why WIFI is free. However, in our country, the authorized wireless frequency words used by telecom operators are assigned by administrative order.
Since the wireless frequency used by telecom operators in China is allocated by administrative order, why do they charge users for the party? As mentioned above, the purchase of a wireless spectrum is only a prerequisite step, and numerous devices are needed to work in this band in order to be called used.
Operators need to buy equipment, then set up base stations, fiber optic cable lines, and central server rooms, and then also routine maintenance, etc., all need a lot of money, wireless spectrum purchase costs and set up a communications network and the money required for post-maintenance can be considered manufacturing costs.
WIFI actually can not be considered entirely free, for example, if you buy a wireless router, is it not also to pay? Use WIFI want to connect to the Internet, the purchase of broadband did not also cost money?
The WIFI is not limited to traffic, and the carrier’s network limits traffic. WIFI mentioned above is the use of non-authorized spectrum, as long as to meet the requirements of the Commission, any individual is free to use it, which brings a basis for unlimited.
In addition, WIFI access to the Internet mostly uses ADSL, FTTH/FTTB, and other wired methods, due to the characteristics of wired communications, you can do on the access side of the exclusive bandwidth, so the billing method is mostly based on-time billing, naturally, we use WIFI connection to the Internet is not limited to the traffic.
The operator’s network is wireless on the access side, the nature of sharing, such as a base station under a sector of the user is to share the wireless resources under this sector, so the use of traffic billing to limit the behavior of some users will be more appropriate.
In fact, there should be an important reason for the widespread use of traffic billing.
In the past, the GSM can also use the CSD way to access the Internet, that is, circuit switching, put, in the base station and cell phone wireless side and the base station has been to the upper network elements of the wired side to maintain an exclusive link for the user, which is according to the time to the bill because the user is exclusive of a link whether there is no data transmission.
Of course, this approach is less efficient in dealing with Internet services, and the subsequent GPRS, 3G, and even LTE Internet services are based on packet switching, that is, the user has data to be transmitted before a link is set up to transmit, no data volume is released to other users, so that packet switching and circuit switching is a big difference is the shared and exclusive The difference is between shared and exclusive.
Therefore, in packet-switched services, it is better to use traffic billing, while circuit-switched services still use time-based billing (e.g., phone calls).
What is the difference between LTE and wifi conclusion?
Through the above comparison of What is the difference between LTE and wifi network technical standards, What is the difference between LTE and wifi coverage capacity, What is the difference between LTE and wifi capacity, What is the difference between LTE and wifi terminal, and other aspects can be seen:
LTE is the network preferred mobile communication standard in technical standards, coverage capacity, and unique technology are ahead of WiFi networks, but WiFi networks in the capacity, AP cost-effective, and terminal penetration rate of the advantages of the decision in a long time, in specific scenario WiFi networks are still an effective complement to LTE networks in specific scenarios.
Wifi: simple technology, low threshold, fast transmission rate, small coverage area, low tariff, does not support high-speed mobile, high terminal penetration rate, connection support network cable. Security is poor, capacity than LTE, the highest rate can reach, extreme cases of individual users, LTE rate is slightly higher than wifi (for example, dual antenna, Mimo, carrier aggregation), but from the overall point of view, wifi capacity is much larger than LTE, the latest 802.11ac, theoretically can reach 6.93G.
LTE: large coverage area, micro-base stations: can cover the location of the site can not be obtained, dense bottom moisture, high-risk areas, can be the same frequency networking (ICIC), coverage capacity is much greater than wifi.
There is no limit to the number of concurrent users, the convenience of WiFi network AP settings and a new generation of standards IEEE 802.11ac (theoretical maximum transmission rate of up to 6.93 Gbps), IEEE 802.11ad (support for the highest transmission rate of up to 6.93 Gbps), IEEE 802.11ad (support for the highest transmission rate of up to 6.93 Gbps).
IEEE 802.11ad (supports up to 2.16 GHz channel bandwidth, its theoretical maximum transmission rate of up to 6.76 Gbps) superiority, LTE network in the capacity is much lower than WiFi network.
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