LoRa Antennas

LoRa Antennas Manufacturer

LoRaWan antennas manufacturer

C&T RF Antennas Inc is the internal & external LoRa antennas manufacturer, LoRaWan antennas manufacturer in China.

C&T RF Antennas Inc provides the LoRa fiberglass antenna, LoRa PCB antenna, LoRa antenna SMA, etc.

What is LoRa?

LoRa is a proprietary low-power wide-area network modulation technique. It is based on spread-spectrum modulation techniques derived from chirp spread spectrum technology. It is patented.

LoRa is a low-power LAN wireless standard created by Semtech. Low power consumption is generally difficult to cover a long distance, and long-distance is generally high power consumption.

LoRa’s name is Long Range Radio, and its biggest feature is that it can spread farther than other wireless methods under the same power consumption conditions, realizing the unification of low power consumption and long-distance, and it can expand the distance 3-5 times than traditional wireless radio communication under the same power consumption.

I. The secret of LoRa’s low power consumption

We know that distance and power consumption is a natural contradiction in communication systems. The propagation distance must be very close when the transmission power drops.

How does LoRa solve this contradiction? The fundamental reason is that LoRa has a hyperlink budget because LoRa can increase the sensitivity of the receiver without the need for high transmitting power.

The sensitivity of a LoRa receiver is based on direct sequence spread spectrum technology. LoRa uses a high expansion factor to obtain high signal gain. Typically, FSK requires a signal-to-noise ratio of 8 dB, whereas LoRa requires only -20 dB.

In addition, LoRa applies forward error correction coding techniques to add redundancy to the transmitted information, effectively resisting multi-path fading. Transmission efficiency is slightly sacrificed, but the reliability of the transmission can be effectively improved. After all, LoRa does not require high transmission rates.

II. LoRa networks

A LoRa network consists mainly of terminals (with built-in LoRa modules), gateways (or base stations), LoRa antennas, network services, and application services. Application data can be transmitted in both directions.

The LoRaWAN network architecture is a typical start topology. In this network architecture, the LoRa gateway is a transparent transmission relay connecting the end devices to the central services at the back end.

III. LoRa devices

The end nodes of LoRa can be various devices such as water meters, gas meters, smoke alarms, pet tracking devices, etc. These nodes are first connected to the LoRa gateway via LoRa wireless communication and then to the network service via the 3G/4G network or Ethernet. The gateway and the web server communicate via the TCP/IP protocol.

Features of LoRa antenna

Transmission distance: up to 2-5 Km in towns and cities, up to 15 Km in suburban areas.

Operating frequency: ISM band including Asia 433 MHz, EU868 MHz, US915 MHz, etc.

Standard: IEEE 802.15.4g.

Modulation: Based on spread spectrum technology, a variant of linear modulated spread spectrum (CSS) with forwarding error correction (FEC) capability, proprietary technology of Semtech.

Capacity: One LoRa gateway can connect thousands and thousands of LoRa nodes.

Battery life: up to 10 years.

Security: AES128 encryption.

Transmission rate: several hundred to several tens of Kbps, the lower the rate the longer the transmission distance.

LoRa advantages

The advantage of LoRa lies in its long-range capability in terms of technology. the outstanding features of LoRa technology in terms of high performance, long-range, low power consumption, support for large-scale networking, ranging and positioning make this solution (terminal + gateway) an ideal technology choice for large-scale IoT applications.

LoRa is one of the low-power WAN communication technologies, a physical layer or wireless modulation used to establish long-distance communication links. Many traditional wireless systems use Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation as the physical layer as it is a very efficient modulation for achieving low power consumption.

LoRa is based on linear FM spread spectrum modulation, which maintains the same low power consumption characteristics as FSK modulation, but significantly increases the communication distance.

The LoRa technology itself has a very high receiver sensitivity (RSSI) and a superb signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

In addition, the use of frequency hopping technology, frequency-shift keying through pseudo-random code sequences, allows the carrier frequency to continuously jump and expand the spectrum, preventing fixed frequency interference.

LoRa vs LoRaWan

LoRa and LoRaWan can be easily confused.

LoRa contains only link layer protocols and is well suited for P2P communication between nodes;

LoRaWAN also contains a network layer and can therefore send information to any base station already connected to the cloud platform. The LoRaWAN module can operate at different frequencies by simply connecting the correct antenna to its socket.

LoRa is one of the low-power WAN communication technologies and is a proprietary Semtech technology for ultra-long-range wireless transmission based on spread spectrum technology.

LoRaWan wiki

LoRaWAN is a set of communication protocols and system architecture designed for LoRa long-range communication networks. It is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol.

LoRaWan protocol stack

LoRa is a subset of LoRaWan, LoRa only includes the physical layer definition, LoRaWan also includes the link layer.

LoRaWan network architecture

LoRa gateways are used in long-range star architectures and are multi-channel, multi-modulated transceivers that can demodulate multiple channels simultaneously. Due to the nature of LoRa, multiple signals can be demodulated simultaneously on the same channel.

The gateway uses a different RF device than the end node, has a higher capacity, and acts as a transparent bridge to relay messages between the end device and the central web server. The gateway connects to the web server via a standard IP connection and the end device uses unicast wireless communication messages to one or more gateways.

In fact, LoRaWan is not a complete communication protocol as it only defines the physical and link layers, the network, and transport layers are not available and the functionality is not perfect, there is no roaming, no network management, and other key functions of a communication protocol.

Lora physical frame structure

In a mesh network, individual terminal nodes forward information from other nodes to increase the communication distance of the network and the size of the network area.

While this increases range, it also increases complexity, reduces network capacity, and decreases battery life as nodes accept and forward information from other nodes that may not be relevant to them. The long-range star architecture makes the most sense when implementing long-range connectivity, as it protects battery life.

If the gateway is installed in the location of an existing mobile base station with a transmit power of 20dBm, (100mW), then it can cover around 2km in a highly built-up urban environment and up to 10km in less dense suburban areas. The gateway/concentrator also contains the MAC layer protocol, which is transparent to higher levels.

LoRa messages are divided into uplink and downlink. The uplink is from the sensor to the LoRa gateway and the downlink is from the LoRa gateway to the sensor and is only used as a reply.

The LoRa network consists of four main components: the terminal (with built-in LoRa module), the gateway (or base station), the server, and the cloud, where application data can be transmitted in both directions.

The advantages of LoRa are mainly reflected in the following aspects.

1. Greatly improves the sensitivity of reception and reduces power consumption

2. The gateway/concentrator based on this technology supports parallel processing of multiple channels and data rates, with a large system capacity.

3. Systems based on terminals and concentrators/gateways can support ranging and positioning.

C&T RF Antennas Inc provides the Lora & LoraWan antenna with 169 MHz, 230MHz, 315 MHz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 915 MHz frequency bands, and with different antenna types such as PCB antenna, flexible PCB antenna, helical spring coil antenna, rubber duck antenna, fiberglass antenna, screw mount antenna, magnetic mount antenna, etc.

C&T RF Antennas Inc has the existing Lora antennas with 2dBi Lora antenna, 2.5dBi Lora antenna, 3dBi Lora antenna, 4dBi Lora antenna, 5dBi Lora antenna, 5.8dBi Lora antenna, 6dBi Lora antenna, 8dBi Lora antenna, 9dBi Lora antenna, 10dBi Lora antenna, 11dBi Lora antenna, 12dBi Lora antenna, 15dBi Lora antenna, 20dBi Lora antenna for your best choice.

C&T RF Antennas Inc manufactures the 5G NR antennas, 4G LTE antennas, 3G UMTS GSM antennas, 2G GPRS NB-IoT antennas, LoRa/LoRaWan antennas (includes 433MHz antennas, 868MHz antennas, 915MHz antennas), 2.4GHz 5GHz Wi-Fi antennas, GNSS antennas, GPS antennas, Cellular antennas, UHF VHF antennas, UWB antennas, etc.

And the C&T RF Antennas Inc supplies the antenna accessories such as RF power amplifiers and repeaters, RF connectors and adapters, cable assemblies.

The LoRa antennas LoRaWan antennas are manufactured by C&T RF Antennas Inc, contact the C&T RF team for more details such as LoRa antennas LoRaWan antenna datasheet, LoRa antennas LoRaWan antenna pricing, LoRa antennas LoRaWan antenna inventory, or Lora antenna design.